

These well-drilled, close-order infantry form the core of most eastern armies. They generally wear iron scale armour, but any rudimentary armour, including bronze scales, linen and even quilted cloth can suffice depending on individual wealth or the available equipment of local armouries. They are called Takâbarâ in Parthian history and will later form the core of the Sassanid heavy infantry.Īrteshtar-i Pahlavig (Parthian Men-at-Arms) Once their javelins have struck, these Parthians are able to finish off any survivors.Īrteshtar-i Kardakan-i Parsig (Persian Hoplites) The Kardaka are armed with a long thrusting spear, and they also carry the large hoplon-shaped shield known as the aspis. Tabargane Eranshahr (Parthian Axemen) Armed with the sagaris, or the Persian pick-axe (ironically being Scythian in origin) and a bundle of javelins, these axemen are prepared for guerilla tactics. They are fierce warriors and will give a good account of themselves. They wear simple tunics and are armed with spears, axes and shields. These men are adept at guerrilla warfare and can serve as fierce light infantry.

Kofyaren (Hyrkanian Hillmen) Verkhana Kofyaren, or Hyrkanian Hillmen, are bands of warriors from the various clans of Hyrkania in northern Persia. Though they are ill-disciplined, these spearmen are capable of fighting in ordered ranks. They are armed with a spear and a leather-covered wicker shield. Nizagan (Levy Spearmen) These poorly trained levy infantry are supplied by the great nobles (Azats) from their estates in the more settled regions of the empire.
